[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/monopol\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/monopol\/","headline":"Monopol","name":"Monopol","description":"Pod pojmem monopol bychom si m\u011bli spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159edstavit firmu s\u00a0v\u00fdsadn\u00edm postaven\u00edm na trhu, kter\u00e1 ur\u010duje podm\u00ednky. Zkr\u00e1cen\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, jeden jedin\u00fd nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed bez konkurence. Sv\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed ovl\u00e1d\u00e1, s\u00e1m si ur\u010duje cenu a nen\u00ed nucen\u00fd k\u00a0efektivnosti. Nej\u010dast\u011bji vznik\u00e1, kdy\u017e se dva nebo v\u00edce podnik\u016f spoj\u00ed, nebo pohlcov\u00e1n\u00edm konkurence. Stejn\u011b jako neexistuje dokonal\u00e1 konkurence, neexistuje ani dokonal\u00fd monopol. […]","datePublished":"2019-06-20","dateModified":"2023-05-17","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/89f417dfbb336d235b856435ef935ffa51c2f646edc1f5c4e6fccf32a9c88173?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/89f417dfbb336d235b856435ef935ffa51c2f646edc1f5c4e6fccf32a9c88173?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"drokar.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a351400_w1720_t1566044569.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a351400_w1720_t1566044569.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/monopol\/","wordCount":360,"articleBody":"Pod pojmem monopol bychom si m\u011bli spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159edstavit firmu s\u00a0v\u00fdsadn\u00edm postaven\u00edm na trhu, kter\u00e1 ur\u010duje podm\u00ednky. Zkr\u00e1cen\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, jeden jedin\u00fd nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed bez konkurence. Sv\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed ovl\u00e1d\u00e1, s\u00e1m si ur\u010duje cenu a nen\u00ed nucen\u00fd k\u00a0efektivnosti. Nej\u010dast\u011bji vznik\u00e1, kdy\u017e se dva nebo v\u00edce podnik\u016f spoj\u00ed, nebo pohlcov\u00e1n\u00edm konkurence. Stejn\u011b jako neexistuje dokonal\u00e1 konkurence, neexistuje ani dokonal\u00fd monopol.\tDokonal\u00e9 konkurenci je nejbl\u00ed\u017ee monopolistick\u00e1 konkurence, kdy na trhu je mnoho drobn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f. Produkce je diferencovan\u00e1, tzn., \u017ee v\u00fdrobky jsou bl\u00edzk\u00e9 substituty. Bari\u00e9ry pro vstup do odv\u011btv\u00ed jsou minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017eou b\u00fdt ubytovac\u00ed slu\u017eby nebo pohostinstv\u00ed.\tSv\u00e9 v\u00fdsadn\u00ed postaven\u00ed na trhu podnik ale nesm\u00ed nijak zneu\u017e\u00edvat. Proto se uplat\u0148uje antimonopoln\u00ed politika st\u00e1tu. Pokud by n\u011bkdo cht\u011bl zneu\u017e\u00edvat sv\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee mu b\u00fdt vystaven\u00fd cenov\u00fd strop, p\u0159es kter\u00fd nesm\u00ed p\u0159es\u00e1hnout.\tTypick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem monopolu jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 programy. Ty pat\u0159\u00ed do monopolu p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inou na za\u010d\u00e1tku vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Do administrativn\u00edch monopol\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed t\u0159eba \u010cesk\u00e1 po\u0161ta. Tyto monopoly toti\u017e vznikaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se jejich vstup na trh v\u00e1\u017ee k\u00a0povolen\u00ed od st\u00e1tu. St\u00e1t chce zajistit dostupnost pro v\u0161echny.\tPro spot\u0159ebitele je pochopiteln\u011b nev\u00fdhodn\u00fd, proto\u017ee ceny mohou b\u00fdt velice p\u0159ep\u00e1len\u00e9. Proto je v\u011bt\u0161inou vn\u00edman\u00fd negativn\u011b. Nejde jen o ceny, ale i o chov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm nebo o problematick\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Br\u00e1nit se efektivn\u011b ale nijak nem\u016f\u017eeme.\t\tLid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u00fa\u010dastnili hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed o nej\u0161kodliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed monopol v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice, mezi prvn\u00ed m\u00edsta za\u0159adili spole\u010dnost \u010cesk\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy. Ve velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b nen\u00ed ani \u010cesk\u00e1 po\u0161ta. M\u016f\u017eou za to pov\u011bt\u0161inou zastaral\u00e9 techniky, proto\u017ee oba monopoly poch\u00e1zej\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b z\u00a0dob socialismu. I kdy\u017e \u010cesk\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy by se daly sp\u00ed\u0161e pova\u017eovat za firmu dominantn\u00ed, ne\u017e monopoln\u00ed.\t\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.9\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Monopol","item":"https:\/\/www.drokar.cz\/monopol\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]